Long‐term risk of adult overweight and obesity among achalasia patients who underwent Heller Myotomy
Long‐term risk of adult overweight and obesity among achalasia patients who underwent Heller myotomy. Abstract Background It is unknown whether surgically treated achalasia cases regain or surpass their usual weight into obesity or overweight in the long‐term post‐operative period. Here, we aimed to assess the incidence of overweight/obesity (Ob/Ow) and the risk for reoccurrence up to 48 months post‐laparoscopic Heller myotomy (LHM). Methods We performed a cohort of 114 achalasia cases...
Wed Jun 17, 2020 17:16
Early adverse life events (EALs) are a known risk factor for the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Here we show that among participants with one or more EAL, fear at the time of the EAL adds to the risk of IBS associated with the total number of EALs. Our findings suggest that in addition to the number of EALs, EAL‐related factors such as fear, may contribute to IBS pathophysiology. Abstract Background Although early adverse life events (EALs) are prevalent among patients with...
Wed Jun 17, 2020 15:03
Abstract Purpose Lesions located in subcortical areas are difficult to safely access. Tubular retractors have been increasingly used successfully with low complication profile to access lesions by minimizing brain retraction trauma and distributing pressure radially. Both binocular operative microscope and monocular exoscope are utilized for lesion visualization through tubular retractors. We present the largest multi-surgeon, multi-institutional...
Thu Jun 18, 2020 03:00
Abstract Iterative reconstruction has been proven to be an effective tool for low-dose computed tomography imaging. However, this technology is currently not available in commercial diagnostic maxillofacial cone beam CT. For this technical note, an iterative reconstruction technique was applied to cone beam CT raw data of two maxillofacial clinical cases to explore its potential for dose reduction and metal artifact reduction. Low-dose imaging was emulated by using only fractions...
Thu Jun 18, 2020 03:00
Abstract Purpose Machado-Joseph disease (MJD/SCA3) is the most frequent spinocerebellar ataxia worldwide. Pathological studies revealed less melanin-containing dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) pars compacta in MJD/SCA3 patients. The purpose of this study was to quantify the damage in the SN reported for MJD/SCA3 patients in vivo using neuromelanin MR imaging. ...
Thu Jun 18, 2020 03:00
Wed Jun 17, 2020 18:18
New Findings What is the central question of this study? Increasing severity of arterial hypoxemia induces a shift towards greater central, relative to peripheral, mechanisms of fatigue during exhaustive exercise. We sought to determine if a similar pattern exists for “all‐out” repeated‐sprint running. What is the main finding and its importance? Severe normobaric hypoxia (FiO2 0.13) did not induce a greater contribution from central fatigue, but rather indices of muscle fatigue...
Wed Jun 17, 2020 12:37
Key points Most vertebrate eyes have rods for dim‐light vision and cones for brighter light and higher temporal sensitivity. Rods evolved from cone‐like precursors through expression of different transduction genes or the same genes at different expression levels, but we do not know which molecular differences were most important. We approached this problem by analyzing rod and cone responses with the same model but with different values for model parameters. We showed that, in addition to outer‐segment...
Wed Jun 17, 2020 20:25
Key points Extreme aviation is accompanied by ever‐present risks of hypobaric hypoxia and decompression sickness. Neuroprotection against those hazards is conferred through fractional inspired oxygen (FiO2) concentrations of 60–100% (hyperoxia). Hyperoxia reduces global cerebral perfusion (gCBF), increases reactive oxygen species within the brain and leads to cell death within the hippocampus. However, an understanding of hyperoxia's effect on cortical activity and concomitant levels of cognitive...
Wed Jun 17, 2020 15:50
In vitro wound models are useful for research on wound re‐epithelialization. Hyperspectral imaging represents a non‐destructive alternative to histology analysis for detection of re‐epithelialization. This study aims to characterize the main optical behavior of a wound model in order to enable development of detection algorithms. K‐Means clustering and agglomerative analysis were used to group spatial regions based on the spectral behavior, and an inverse photon transport model was used to explain...
Wed Jun 17, 2020 20:35
Abstract Femtosecond (fs) laser irradiation techniques are emerging tools for inactivating viruses that do not involve ionizing radiation. In this work, the inactivation of two bacteriophages representing protective capsids with different geometric constraints, i.e. the near‐spherical MS2 (with a diameter of 27 nm) and the filamentous M13 (with a length of 880 nm) is compared using energetic visible and near‐infrared (NIR) femtosecond laser pulses with various energies, pulse durations, and exposure...
Wed Jun 17, 2020 15:39
Introduction COVID‐19 has significantly impacted endonasal surgery, and recent experimentation has demonstrated that sinonasal drilling and cautery have significant propensity for airborne particulate generation immediately adjacent to the surgical field. In the present investigation, we assess nasopharyngeal suctioning as a mitigation strategy to decrease particulate spread during simulated endonasal surgical activity. Methods Airborne particulate generation in the 1‐10μm range was quantified...
Thu Jun 18, 2020 11:14
Purpose. To evaluate the biomechanical properties of the modified novel 2-hole monocortical plate fixation (2HMCPf) and traditional 4-hole monocortical plate fixation (4HMCPf) techniques in bilateral sagittal splitting osteotomy (BSSO) synthesis using a finite element analysis (FEA) and an in vitro biomechanical test with the application of a shearing loading force on a sawbone mandible model. Materials and Methods. A three-dimensional mandible models were generated using the geometry obtained from...
Thu Jun 18, 2020 10:50
Background. Rosacea is a common inflammatory skin disorder. Several studies, but not all, have suggested a high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in rosacea patients. This study is aimed at investigating the association between rosacea and CVDs and related risk factors. Methods. We performed a literature search through PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases, from their respective inception to December 21, 2019. Two reviewers independently screened the articles, extracted data, and...
Thu Jun 18, 2020 10:50
Objective. This study was performed to assess the value of quantitative analysis of enhanced computed tomography (CT) values in the differential diagnosis of bladder cancer and cystitis glandularis (CG). Methods. Eighty patients with bladder masses (39 with CG and 41 with bladder cancer) who underwent enhanced CT were retrospectively reviewed. The CT enhancement values of the lesion and normal bladder wall in the arterial phase, venous phase, and delayed phase were measured. The relative enhancement...
Thu Jun 18, 2020 10:50
Background. To determine the effectiveness of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) approach over 1-year follow-up in patients younger than 50 years old with central and branch retinal vein occlusion (RVO) complicated by macular edema (ME). Methods. Prospective, open-label case series. Patients initiating IVR injections from January 2015 to May 2017 were consecutively recruited. Each patient underwent monthly ophthalmic examination and structural OCT over 12 months. A single IVR injection was administered...
Thu Jun 18, 2020 10:50
High-temperature exposure is detrimental to women’s reproductive health; however, the impact caused by long-term high temperature is not comprehensive, and a stable model of estrous cycle disorder induced by a high temperature is yet lacking. Herein, we aimed to establish a stable and effective model of estrous cycle disorder in female rats induced by long-term heat stress to study its physiological and pathological characteristics and explore the underlying mechanism. In the present study, female...
Thu Jun 18, 2020 10:50
Two enantiomers of lactic acid exist. While L-lactic acid is a common compound of human metabolism, D-lactic acid is produced by some strains of microorganism or by some less relevant metabolic pathways. While L-lactic acid is an endogenous compound, D-lactic acid is a harmful enantiomer. Exposure to D-lactic acid can happen by various ways including contaminated food and beverages and by microbiota during some pathological states like short bowel syndrome. The exposure to D-lactic acid cannot be...
Thu Jun 18, 2020 10:50
Thu Jun 18, 2020 07:50
Abstract Male‐pattern hair loss, also termed androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a highly prevalent, age‐related condition that is characterized by a progressive hair loss in specific hair follicle (HF) populations from the frontotemporal and vertex regions of the scalp. The phenotype is highly heritable and hormone dependent, with androgens being recognized as the critical hormonal factor. The first scientific accounts of the relevance of androgens to AGA development was published in 1942, when James...
Wed Jun 17, 2020 20:20
New England Journal of Medicine, Ahead of Print.
Wed Jun 17, 2020 12:00
New England Journal of Medicine, Ahead of Print.
Wed Jun 17, 2020 12:00
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 382, Issue 25, Page 2397-2410, June 2020.
Wed Jun 17, 2020 11:55
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 382, Issue 25, Page 2449-2449, June 2020.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 382, Issue 25, June 2020.
Wed Jun 17, 2020 11:55
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 382, Issue 25, June 2020.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 382, Issue 25, Page 2389-2392, June 2020.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 382, Issue 25, June 2020.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 382, Issue 25, Page 2472-2474, June 2020.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 382, Issue 25, Page 2387-2389, June 2020.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 382, Issue 25, June 2020.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 382, Issue 25, Page 2480-2482, June 2020.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 382, Issue 25, Page 2469-2471, June 2020.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 382, Issue 25, Page 2459-2460, June 2020.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 382, Issue 25, Page 2393-2395, June 2020.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 382, Issue 25, Page 2385-2387, June 2020.
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New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 382, Issue 25, Page 2465-2468, June 2020.
Wed Jun 17, 2020 11:55
Abstract Purpose To investigate the effect of a 16% carbamide peroxide home bleaching agent on the ion elution of different esthetic restorative materials and to determine if the released ions exceed the minimal risk levels. Materials and Methods Ceramic materials comprising a low‐fusing porcelain (Vita VM7), lithium disilicate glass‐ceramics (IPS e.max Press and IPS e.max CAD), zirconium substructure materials (IPS e.max ZirCAD and Vita In‐Ceram YZ for InLab), and ceromers (Estenia and...
Wed Jun 17, 2020 21:24
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