Yihui Yang, Hongfu Yu, Congwen Yang, Yunfei Zhang, Xiangfa Ai, Xiaobo Wang, Kaizhi Lu, and Bin YiHepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a serious pulmonary vascular disease derived from chronic liver disease, and its key pathogenesis is angiogenesis. Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) mediates physiological repair and remodeling during vascular injury. However, the role of KLF6 in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) during angiogenesis of HPS and its underlying mechanism in HPS have not been...
Wed Jun 26, 2019 11:41
Shuaijun Dong, Xiefu Zhang, and Dechun LiuLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of human cancers. LncRNA GAS5 (GAS5) is identified as a tumor suppressor involved in several cancers. However, the roles of GAS5 and the mechanisms responsible for its functions in gastric cancer (GC) have not been well documented. Herein, the decreased GAS5 and increased miRNA-106a-5p levels were observed in GC and cell lines. GAS5 level was significantly inversely correlated with miRNA-106a-5p...
Wed Jun 26, 2019 11:41
Gilbert Audira, Bonifasius Putera Sampurna, Stevhen Juniardi, Sung-Tzu Liang, Yu-Heng Lai, Liwen Han, and Chung-Der HsiaoAnalysis of circadian rhythm behavior alteration in fish for toxicity assessment usually requires expensive commercial equipment and laborious and complicated tweaking. Here, we report a simple setup that consists of a custom-made light box equipped with white and 940 nm light-emitting diode (LED) light strips as light sources, where the locomotion activities of zebrafish or catfish...
Wed Jun 26, 2019 11:41
Andreas Nord and Lars P. FolkowStress-induced hyperthermia (SIH) is commonly observed during handling in homeotherms. However, in birds, handling in cold environments typically elicits hypothermia. It is unclear whether this indicates that SIH is differently regulated in this taxon or if it is due to size, because body temperature changes during handling in low temperatures have only been measured in small birds <0.03 kg (that are more likely to suffer high heat loss when handled). We have therefore...
Thu Jun 20, 2019 17:49
Meghan E. O'Connell, Divya Sridharan, Tristan Driscoll, Ipsita Krishnamurthy, Wick G. Perry, and Derek A. ApplewhiteDrosophila CG10915 is an uncharacterized protein coding gene with sequence similarity to human Cortactin-binding protein 2 (CTTNBP2) and Cortactin-binding protein 2 N-terminal-like (CTTNBP2NL). Here, we have named this gene Nausicaa (naus) and characterize it through a combination of quantitative live-cell total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, electron microscopy, RNAi...
Mon Jun 17, 2019 17:38
Warlen Pereira Piedade, Sydney Veith, and Jakub Konrad FamulskiOptic fissure fusion is a critical event during retinal development. Failure of fusion leads to coloboma, a potentially blinding congenital disorder. Pax2a is an essential regulator of optic fissure fusion and the target of numerous morphogenetic pathways. In our current study, we examined the negative regulator of pax2a expression, Nz2, and the mechanism modulating Nlz2 activity during optic fissure fusion. Upregulation of Nlz2 in zebrafish...
Mon Jun 17, 2019 14:06
Wei Wang, Gao-Ming Liu, and De-Xing ZhangScorpions are well known for their reduced resting metabolic rate (RMR) in comparison to typical arthropods. Since RMR is a key physiological trait linked with evolutionary fitness, it is expected that there may exist intraspecific RMR variation given the ecological and geographical heterogeneities across the distributional range of a species. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether RMR variation exists among scorpion populations. Here, we compared the RMR (VCO2)...
Fri Jun 14, 2019 13:33
Gabriel Antoniak, Tirthabir Biswas, Nelson Cortes, Siddhartha Sikdar, Chanwoo Chun, and Vikas BhandawatDespite the overall complexity of legged locomotion, the motion of the center of mass (COM) itself is relatively simple, and can be qualitatively described by simple mechanical models. In particular, walking can be qualitatively modeled by a simple model in which each leg is described by a spring-loaded inverted pendulum (SLIP). However, SLIP has many limitations and is unlikely to serve as a quantitative...
Fri Jun 14, 2019 13:33
Benjamin J. H. Smith and James R. UsherwoodGravity may influence multiple aspects of legged locomotion, from the periods of limbs moving as pendulums to the muscle forces required to support the body. We present a system for exposing mice to hypergravity using a centrifuge and studying their locomotion and activity during exposure. Centrifuge-induced hypergravity has the advantages that it both allows animals to move freely, and it affects both body and limbs. The centrifuge can impose two levels...
Fri Jun 14, 2019 13:33
Casey J. McConnell, Shannon Atkinson, Dion Oxman, and Peter A. H. WestleyHoming with high fidelity to natal spawning grounds for reproduction is a hallmark of anadromous Pacific salmon biology, although low rates of dispersal (‘straying’) also occurs. Currently little is known about the proximate factors influencing straying, which limits our understanding of this fundamental biological phenomenon and impedes options for reducing straying-mediated interactions between wild and hatchery-produced...
Wed Jun 12, 2019 17:42
Lydia R. Heasley, Jennifer G. DeLuca, and Steven M. MarkusThe spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) prevents erroneous chromosome segregation by delaying mitotic progression when chromosomes are incorrectly attached to the mitotic spindle. This delay is mediated by mitotic checkpoint complexes (MCCs), which assemble at unattached kinetochores and repress the activity of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). The cellular localizations of MCCs are likely critical for proper SAC function, yet...
Wed Jun 12, 2019 12:36
Ho Man Tang and Ho Lam TangThe classical view of cell death has long assumed that, once initiated, the dying process is irreversible. However, recent studies reveal that recovery of dying cells can actually occur, even after initiation of a cell suicide process called apoptosis. This discovery raised fundamental key questions about which forms of the cell death process could be reversible and how reversal is mediated. Here, we uncover an unanticipated reversibility of ferroptotic cell death process....
Tue Jun 11, 2019 14:28
Camilla Korsvig-Nielsen, Mike Hall, Cherie Motti, and Anders GarmAs a corallivore, the crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS; Acanthaster species complex), has significant impacts on coral mortality and community structure on tropical reefs throughout its Indo-Pacific range. COTS form aggregations which systematically move through and across reefs causing significant loss in hard coral cover. Previous work has shown that their behaviours on the reef are influenced by rheotaxis, olfaction and vision, with...
Mon Jun 10, 2019 13:43
First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Biology Open, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Camilla Elinor Korsvig-Nielsen is first author on ‘Eyes and negative phototaxis in juvenile crown-of-thorns starfish, Acanthaster species complex‘, published in BiO. Camilla Elinor conducted the research described in this article while a bachelor's student in Anders Garm's lab at University of Copenhagen and Mike...
Mon Jun 10, 2019 13:43
First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Biology Open, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Myriam de Graaf and Juul Hubert are co-first authors on ‘Influence of arm swing on cost of transport during walking’, published in BiO. Myriam and Juul are both (research) master's students in the lab of Andreas Daffertshofer and Raôul Oudejans–John van der Kamp at the Faculty of Behavioural and Human Movement...
Mon Jun 10, 2019 13:43
Myriam L. de Graaf, Juul Hubert, Han Houdijk, and Sjoerd M. BruijnNormal arm swing plays a role in decreasing the cost of transport during walking. However, whether excessive arm swing can reduce the cost of transport even further is unknown. Therefore, we tested the effects of normal and exaggerated arm swing on the cost of transport in the current study. Healthy participants (n=12) walked on a treadmill (1.25 m/s) in seven trials with different arm swing amplitudes (in-phase, passive restricted,...
Mon Jun 10, 2019 13:43
First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Biology Open, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Sudhakar Krittika is first author on ‘Evidence of diet protein restriction regulating pupation height, development time and lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster’, published in BiO. Sudhakar is a PhD student in the lab of Dr Pankaj Yadav at the School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University,...
Thu Jun 06, 2019 12:00
Sudhakar Krittika, Alisha Lenka, and Pankaj YadavFitness and behavioral traits are optimized according to the rearing environment to ensure survival of most organisms including fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster. Fruit flies are known to uphold various trade-offs in their lifespan, development time, fecundity, etc., to confer better survival in the particular exposed environment. The diet of D. melanogaster plays a major role between larval and adult fitness or fitness related traits; its role...
Thu Jun 06, 2019 12:00
Anthony B. Lapsansky, Jennifer A. Igo, and Bret W. TobalskeWe investigated the effect of an added mass emulating a transmitter on the flight kinematics of zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata), both to identify proximal effects of loading and to test fundamental questions regarding the intermittent flight of this species. Zebra finch, along with many species of relatively small birds, exhibit flap-bounding, wherein the bird alternates periods of flapping with flexed-wing bounds. Mathematical modeling...
Thu Jun 06, 2019 12:00
Hector G. Gomez, Hirofumi Noguchi, Jesse Garcia Castillo, David Aguilar, Samuel J. Pleasure, and Odessa R. YabutThe ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) of the forebrain is the source of neurogenic stem/precursor cells for adaptive and homeostatic needs throughout the life of most mammals. Here, we report that Suppressor of Fused (Sufu) plays a critical role in the establishment of the V-SVZ at early neonatal stages by controlling the proliferation of distinct subpopulations of stem/precursor...
Thu Jun 06, 2019 12:00
Isabel Reuter, Jana Jäckels, Susanne Kneitz, Jochen Kuper, Klaus-Peter Lesch, and Christina LillesaarIn most vertebrates, including zebrafish, the hypothalamic serotonergic cerebrospinal fluid-contacting (CSF-c) cells constitute a prominent population. In contrast to the hindbrain serotonergic neurons, little is known about the development and function of these cells. Here, we identify fibroblast growth factor (Fgf)3 as the main Fgf ligand controlling the ontogeny of serotonergic CSF-c cells. We...
Wed Jun 05, 2019 10:30
Cora R. von Collenberg, Dominique Schmitt, Thomas Rülicke, Michael Sendtner, Robert Blum, and Erich BuchnerSynapse-associated protein 1 (Syap1) is the mammalian homologue of synapse-associated protein of 47 kDa (Sap47) in Drosophila. Genetic deletion of Sap47 leads to deficiencies in short-term plasticity and associative memory processing in flies. In mice, Syap1 is prominently expressed in the nervous system, but its function is still unclear. We have generated Syap1 knockout mice and tested motor...
Wed Jun 05, 2019 10:06
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