Abstract
   Purpose
   To examine the association between distance to care-center and urban–rural residence on 5-year overall survival (OS) from head and neck cancer (HNC).
   Materials and methods
   Five-year OS was retrospectively measured from date of initial diagnosis for patients with HNC treated at a single tertiary care center. Distances were calculated based on ZIP code of patient's residence and care center. Multilevel Weibull regression was used to adjust for confounders and identify disparities in 5-year all-cause mortality.
   Results
   A total of 670 patients included in study. Multivariable analysis revealed older age or late-stage cancer at diagnosis, and HPV negative status were associated with poorer OS. Patients residing in isolated small rural town (HR = 2.20, p = 0.015) or small rural town (HR = 2.07, p = 0.015) had lower OS. Distance to care center was not associated with OS (HR = 0.996, p = 0.11).
   Conclusions
   Greater rurality was associated with poorer OS among HNC patients in Upstate New York.
  					  					
    			                                                                                                         
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